Social Media, Mental Health, and Young People

What’s the connection between social media use and mental health, especially among young people? You’ve probably heard a lot about this recently, in the media, by politicians, and among friends chatting about their kids. Lots of assertions are made, but there is also a bit of research on this topic. As someone who frequently uses social media myself, as well as a parent of young children, and a teacher that works every week with young college students, I am particularly interested in this topic.

Jonathan Haidt and various co-authors have been trying to catalog all the research on the topic and figure out if there is a connection between the decline in teenage mental health and the rise of social media use. Haidt also has a new book on this topic, as well as the decline of “free play” among kids, which I have not yet read but I’ve looked through his documents that contain all of the underlying and summaries of the research he is citing. I’ll read the book soon, as I’m certainly part of the intended audience (see the last sentence of the above paragraph). And while this research is very much outside of my area of expertise, my training as an economist has taught me how to read academic papers and to be convinced by evidence, so once again I’m very much the intended audience on this score as well.

Please read this post as my attempt to understand the evidence and start to form conclusions and/or critique what Haidt is saying. It’s a work in progress, and I’ll write more as I read and think more about it.

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Certificate of Need and Mental Health

Most US states require hospitals and other healthcare providers to obtain a “Certificate of Need” (CON) from a state board before they are allowed to open or expand. These laws seem to be one reason why healthcare is often so expensive and hard to find. I’ve written a lot about them, partly because I think they are bad policies that could get repealed if more people knew about them, and partly because so many aspects of them are unstudied.

States vary widely in the specific services or equipment their CON laws target- nursing homes, dialysis clinics, MRIs, et c. One of the most important types of CON law that remained unstudied was CON for psychiatric services. I set out to change this and, with Eleanor Lewin, wrote an article on them just published in the Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics.

We compare the state of psychiatric care in states with and without CON, and find that psychiatric CON is associated with fewer psychiatric hospitals and beds, and a lower likelihood of those hospitals accepting Medicare.

Together with the existing evidence on CON (which I tried to sum up recently here), this suggests that more states should consider repealing their CON laws and letting doctors and patients, rather than state boards, decide what facilities are “economically necessary”.